Clinical findings in men with chronic pain after falanga torture

Study examining torture survivors vs control group for pain and gait changes as sequelae to falanga. The torture victims had pain in their feet and lower legs and a compensated gait pattern, usually with severe pain during walking. Reduced light touch and thermal sensation, tactile dysesthesia, allodynia, and tenderness on palpation were common findings. Structural changes in the feet were found in more than half of the victims, but did not correlate with pain reports.

Link is to abstract only; full article available for purchase. 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18209520